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    What we do

    Infrastructure to Intelligence

    Navigate the AI era with confidence. TCS helps you turn AI into a strategic partner that empowers talent, reimagines processes, and accelerates business transformation.

    Unlock enterprise intelligence
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    19 Oct 2026 Meet TCS at OpenText World 2026
    View all

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    08 Oct 2026 TCS Recognized as a Leader in Multi-Process Human Resources Outsourcing Services by Everest Group
    06 Oct 2026 NelsonHall Names TCS a Leader in Life and Annuities Operations
    30 Sep 2026 The AI-Native Telco: Transforming the Telecom Value Chain in the AI Era
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    • Services
    • Cognitive Business Operations

    Future of autonomous operations study

    How organisations are navigating the path to autonomy

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    We have sent you a copy of the report to your email again.

    Building the framework for AI at scale

    As businesses push towards artificial intelligence (AI)-powered operations, the challenge moves beyond defining the vision to creating the conditions to achieve it. To learn more about how organisations are approaching this shift, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) conducted a global survey of senior leaders across 12 industries and 5 geographies.

    Read the report
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    Looking to the future, the real enablers won’t be algorithms, but the key structural foundations that allow AI to operate safely, ethically, and effectively at scale.”

    Akhilesh Tiwari

    Head, Autonomous Business Operations, TCS

    On this page

    Key findings   inpage
    Current state   inpage
    Challenges   inpage
    Key enablers   inpage
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    Key findings Current state Challenges Key enablers Next steps

    Key findings

    A clear vision for an autonomous future, underscored by the reality of scaling initiatives

    TCS’ ‘Future of autonomous operations’ study reveals the practical building blocks that enable greater autonomy, adaptability, and business impact. It also uncovers the challenges that businesses face as they move forward and the enablers that will help them achieve their vision.

    Our research identified five key findings:

    Survey findings highlighting the current state of enterprise AI adoption, autonomous operations maturity, and key barriers to scaling AI.

    The graphic highlights five key findings from an enterprise survey on AI and autonomous operations. It shows that 78% of organizations still operate with assisted AI, fewer than 30% expect operations to become autonomous within two years, and fewer than 15% have successfully scaled AI pilots. The graphic also identifies legacy systems as the primary obstacle for 86% of respondents, while 51% cite responsible AI as their top priority. These findings suggest that most organizations are still in the early stages of advancing toward autonomous operations.

    Current state: A measured advance to autonomy

    Despite high ambitions, respondents remain modest in their timelines towards autonomous operations and are primarily using AI as a tool or supervised agent to support humans (Figure 1). 

    Survey findings showing the gap between AI adoption and autonomous operations maturity.

    The graphic contains two circular charts. The first shows that 42% of respondents report that implementing autonomous operations takes more than three years. The second shows that 78% of organizations primarily use AI as an assistant. Together, the findings indicate that while AI adoption is widespread, most organizations remain in the early stages of achieving autonomous operations.

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    To scale AI, we must adopt new approaches to decision-making, governance, accountability, and ‘human + AI’ collaboration for greater autonomy”

    Ashok Pai

    Senior Vice President and Global Head, Enterprise Cognitive Business Operations, TCS

    Challenges: The legacy of legacy systems

    The struggle to scale AI isn’t about proving its potential but overcoming decades of organisational and technological complexity. The research points to a hard truth: Most enterprises were not built for autonomy (Figure 2)

    Survey findings highlighting the top barriers preventing organizations from achieving autonomous operations.

    The graphic presents three survey findings on the obstacles to autonomous operations. 86% of respondents identify legacy systems as a key barrier, 82% cite the lack of a unified view of data, and 79% point to a disparate technology landscape. Together, these findings show that fragmented technology environments and disconnected data remain the primary challenges to advancing autonomous operations.

    Key enablers

    Our study revealed that the companies that have been most successful approached AI as a growth catalyst and recognised that the constraints to adoption were organisational rather than technological (Figure 3). 

    Survey findings highlighting the key enablers organizations consider most important for advancing autonomous operations.

    The graphic presents three survey findings on the factors organizations consider most critical for autonomous operations. 51% of respondents identify responsible and ethical use of AI as the top priority, followed by 43% who cite a unified view of operational data and 41% who emphasize change management and AI governance. Together, the findings highlight the importance of trust, data visibility, and governance in enabling autonomous operations at scale.

    TCS recommendations

    • Autonomy
    • Foundation
    • Trust
    • Human + AI
  • Autonomy
  • Foundation
  • Trust
  • Human + AI
  • Develop an outcome-driven enterprise foundation

    Unify fragmented siloes to connect operations with decision-making. 

    Build an intelligence fabric for autonomy

    Empower AI to make better decisions and take meaningful action. 

    Establish trust by design before scaling

    Ensure the transparency, accountability, and control needed to scale AI across processes.

    Prepare for ‘human + AI’ operations

    Enable employees to adapt to new ways of working and maximise both human and machine capabilities.

    About the study

    The TCS Thought Leadership Institute conducted a survey of 303 global senior executives from organisations with annual revenues of $5 billion or more to better understand how they’re progressing towards autonomous operations. These executives, responsible for shaping the future of operations, represented companies across the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Australia. The survey also examined what top-performing organisations, or Pacesetters, in these countries are doing differently.  

    Related reading

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    AI-led Autonomous GBS: Redefining Future-ready Business Operations

    Article | 10 Jul 2026   Opens in new tab

    Autonomous by Design, Humane by Intent: The Future of CX

    Blog | 12 Sep 2025   Opens in new tab

    Business Observability for Agentic AI-driven Operations

    Blog | 12 Mar 2026   Opens in new tab

    Next-gen Analytics to Shape CFOs into Strategic Partners

    Blog | 05 May 2026   Opens in new tab

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